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The Thar Desert, also known as the Great Indian Desert, is a large, arid region in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent that forms a natural boundary between India and Pakistan. It is the world's 17th largest desert, and the world's 9th largest subtropical desert.〔Singhvi, A. K. and Kar, A. (1992). Thar Desert in Rajasthan: Land, Man & Environment. Geological Society of India, Bangalore.〕 About 85% of the Thar Desert is in India, and the remaining part in Pakistan.〔Sinha, R. K., Bhatia, S., & Vishnoi, R. (1996). Desertification control and rangeland management in the Thar desert of India. RALA Report No. 200: 115–123.〕 In India, it covers about , of which 60% is in Rajasthan and extends into Gujarat, Punjab, and Haryana.〔Sharma, K. K. and S. P. Mehra (2009). The Thar of Rajasthan (India): Ecology and Conservation of a Desert Ecosystem. Chapter 1 in: Sivaperuman, C., Baqri, Q. H., Ramaswamy, G., & Naseema, M. (eds.) Faunal ecology and conservation of the Great Indian Desert. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg.〕 This desert comprises a very dry part, the Marusthali region in the west, and a semidesert region in the east with fewer sand dunes and slightly more precipitation.〔Sharma, K. K., S. Kulshreshtha, A. R. Rahmani (2013). Faunal Heritage of Rajasthan, India: General Background and Ecology of Vertebrates. Springer Science & Business Media, New York.〕 ==Geography== The Thar Desert extends between the Aravalli Hills in the north-east,〔 the Great Rann of Kutch along the coast and the alluvial plains of the Indus River in the west and north-west. Most of the desert is covered by huge shifting sand dunes that receive sediments from the alluvial plains and the coast. The sand is highly mobile due to strong winds occurring before the onset of the monsoon. The Luni River is the only river integrated into the desert.〔Laity, J. J. (2009). (Deserts and Desert Environments ). John Wiley & Sons.〕 Rainfall is limited to per year, mostly falling from July to September.〔 Salt water lakes in the Thar Desert include the Sambhar, Kuchaman, Didwana in Rajasthan and Kharaghoda in Gujarat. These lakes receive rain water during monsoon and evaporate during the dry season. The salt is derived by the weathering of rocks in the region.〔Ramesh, R., Jani, R. A., & Bhushan, R. (1993). Stable isotopic evidence for the origin of salt lakes in the Thar desert. Journal of Arid Environments 25 (1): 117–123.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Thar Desert」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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